Fundamental
ELCB is an acronym for Earth leakage circuit breaker, which is a device placed inside a water heater, commonly referred to as ELCB electric leakage breaker. This circuit breaker has the function of disconnecting the device from the circuit whenever an electrical leak occurs through the human body when touching the electrical parts of the device.
ELCB is to limit the incident of electric shock inside the machine, disconnecting the power when there is a problem, ensuring safety for human life as well as fire and explosion prevention.
ELCB is often used in both civil and industrial applications.
For the domestic electricity system, the installation problem is not difficult, but in industry, the anti-shock for workers and the prevention of electrical leakage for electrical equipment with large capacity requires a bridge. Automatic anti-shock, high-power leakage protection, and often has a much higher price.
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Edit Experiment Process
To begin the experiment, prepare five 7.5 x 2.5 cm glass slides. Wash and dry them thoroughly. In a 50 mL beaker, mix 3 grams of silica gel G with 8 mL of 0.5% sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) aqueous solution, stirring until a uniform paste forms. Apply this paste evenly onto the clean slides, using gentle up-and-down movements on a flat surface to ensure an even and smooth layer. After drying at room temperature for 30 minutes, place the plates in an oven and gradually heat to 110°C for 30 minutes. Cool slightly and store in a desiccator for future use.
For spotting, use a capillary tube with an inner diameter less than 1 mm and a smooth tip. Dissolve the sample in a low-boiling-point solvent such as acetone, ethanol, or tetrahydrofuran. Before applying the sample, draw a light horizontal line 5 mm from the bottom of the plate using a pencil. Carefully spot the sample on the starting line, ensuring that the spot size is no larger than 2 mm in diameter and that spots are spaced at least 5–6 mm apart. If multiple samples are applied on the same plate, repeat the process only after the previous spot has dried completely.
Choose an appropriate developing solvent based on the polarity, solubility, and adsorbent activity of the sample. The TLC plate should be placed in a sealed chamber containing the developing agent. Allow the chamber to saturate with vapor for 5–10 minutes before inserting the plate. Ensure the spotting line remains above the solvent level. Once the solvent front reaches 5–10 mm from the top of the plate or when all components are clearly separated, remove the plate and allow it to dry.
Visual inspection can be done under UV light if the compounds are colorless. Some substances may fluoresce, while others may show yellowish-brown spots when exposed to iodine vapor. Mark the positions of the spots with a pencil. Measure the distances from the origin to the center of each spot and from the origin to the solvent front to calculate the Rf value.
Precautions
1. Handle the plate carefully during preparation to avoid uneven layers.
2. Ensure that spots are aligned in a straight line and not too large (less than 2 mm in diameter).
3. Avoid using the same capillary for different samples to prevent cross-contamination.
4. If the sample is too dilute, re-spot after the previous spot has dried to avoid spreading or tailing.
5. Dry the plate fully before development to prevent smearing.
6. Keep your hands steady when placing the plate into the developing chamber to avoid diagonal lines.
Equipment and Reagents
- 50 mL beakers
- Glass slides
- Glass rods
- 0.5% CMC solution
- Silica gel G
- Deionized water
**Notes:**
- Maintain a stable indoor temperature, avoiding high humidity.
- Adjust the ratio of silica gel to water (ideally 2.5–4.5) depending on sample viscosity.
- Mix thoroughly and patiently to avoid air bubbles.
- Ensure even layering and proper activation during heating.
- Always handle the thin layer with care to maintain uniformity.
How many types of ELCB?