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Foreign media look at FAST: Does the dark forest rule that Liu Cixin say?
According to international media reports, China has constructed the world's largest 500-meter spherical telescope, known as FAST, nestled in the karst mountains of Guizhou Province. One of its primary purposes is to detect signals from extraterrestrial civilizations. Recently, Ross Anderson, a senior deputy editor of *The Atlantic Monthly*, visited the area and engaged in an in-depth conversation with renowned Chinese science fiction writer Liu Cixin about differing perspectives on the "dark forest theory."
In January of last year, the Chinese Academy of Sciences invited Liu Cixin, one of China’s most celebrated science fiction authors, to tour the country’s newest and largest radio telescope located in the southwest. This massive structure is currently the largest radio telescope globally, with a diameter nearly twice that of the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico. Its precision is so advanced that it could even detect a spy satellite without any external signal transmission. While primarily used for scientific research, this telescope also plays a crucial role: it is the first Earth-based device designed to monitor potential signals from alien civilizations. If intelligent life beyond Earth sends out messages in the next decade, China may be the first to receive them.
It’s no surprise that Liu Cixin was invited to visit such a facility. He has become a prominent figure in China’s space exploration discussions, and the China National Space Administration often consults him on various scientific projects. Liu is widely regarded as a leading voice in Chinese science fiction, affectionately referred to by many as “Liu Liu.†Over the past few years, engineers at the National Astronomical Observatory have frequently updated Liu on the progress of the telescope’s construction, showing how his work continues to inspire scientific endeavors.
Despite his deep interest in the cosmos, there is an irony in Liu’s involvement with this project. His novels, particularly *The Three-Body Problem*, explore the dangers of contact with alien civilizations. In one of the book’s postscripts, he warns that the emergence of other intelligent species could pose a threat to humanity. He imagines a future where Earth might suddenly find itself surrounded by alien spacecraft, silently watching over us.
Liu has gained international recognition, winning the Hugo Award in 2015 for *The Three-Body Problem*. Even former U.S. President Barack Obama praised the novel, saying it introduced him to a new cosmological perspective during his presidency. Liu’s ideas have captured global attention, and his works continue to shape conversations about the future of humanity in the universe.
The central theme of *The Three-Body Problem* trilogy is the "dark forest theory," which suggests that civilizations in the universe act like hunters in a dark forest—silent, cautious, and ready to eliminate any potential threat. This bleak view of the cosmos highlights the risks of revealing our existence to unknown entities.
Liu’s story begins in the late 1960s when a young Chinese woman sends messages to nearby galaxies. The civilization that receives the signal then initiates a centuries-long plan to invade Earth, ultimately disrupting human development and slowing down scientific progress. This narrative draws parallels to historical encounters between more technologically advanced societies and less developed ones, such as the 19th-century interactions between China and European powers.
During my recent trip to China, I met with Liu Cixin in Beijing and discussed the adaptation of *The Three-Body Problem* into a film. He expressed frustration with the challenges of producing a sci-fi movie in China, noting that the industry is still developing. The film, which wrapped production in mid-2015, faced multiple changes in its effects team, reflecting the growing but still evolving nature of China’s film industry.
As I traveled to the newly completed observatory, I reflected on Liu’s role as one of China’s most influential thinkers on alien civilizations. When I asked him what he thought would happen when I visited the telescope, he simply said, “It looks like it’s beyond the scope of science fiction.â€
The journey to the telescope took me through China’s rapidly changing landscape. From the high-speed trains that crisscross the country to the bustling cities and rural villages, I witnessed the scale of China’s development. As the train moved inland, skyscrapers gave way to rice fields and misty hills, evoking images of ancient China. The journey felt like a bridge between the past and the future.
Upon arriving in Guiyang, the capital of Guizhou, I saw a city in transition. The modern railway station contrasted with the traditional architecture nearby. Despite its remoteness, Guizhou is undergoing significant social and economic changes. The train ride continued through small villages and farmland, offering a glimpse into the daily lives of local people.
After four hours of travel, we finally reached the observatory. The journey had been long, but the experience of visiting the world’s largest radio telescope was unforgettable. It was a moment that blurred the lines between science fiction and reality.