TDA16846 is a key component in switching power supply circuits. Its pin functions are as follows: Pin 1: An RC network is connected in parallel with this pin to ground, which helps determine the loop turn-off time and the operating frequency in standby mode. Pin 2: A capacitor is connected in parallel with this pin to ground. It is also connected to the primary winding of the switching transformer and the drain of the switching transistor through a resistor. The resistor value affects the maximum output power of the system. Pin 3: This pin serves as an input for the error voltage amplifier and is used for zero-crossing detection. When the input pulse exceeds 5V, it reduces the control voltage at Pin 4. Pin 4: This is the control voltage pin, connected to ground via a capacitor. The capacitor’s capacity determines the soft start duration and control speed of the power supply. Pin 5: If a photodiode sampling circuit is used, the output of the optocoupler is connected between this pin and ground. This allows for feedback and voltage regulation. Pin 6: This pin is the fault comparator input. If the voltage exceeds 1.2V, the power supply stops, acting as a protection mechanism. If not used, it can be grounded. Pin 7: This is the working mode selection pin. For fixed frequency operation, an RC network is connected between this pin and ground. For synchronous mode, a sync pulse is applied. Pin 8: This pin is unused. Pin 9: This is the reference voltage pin, providing a stable 5V output. Pin 10: If the voltage exceeds 1.2V, the system enters protection mode. Pin 11: This pin detects the primary voltage of the switching transformer. When the divided voltage drops below 1V, the power supply turns off. Pin 12: This pin is grounded. Pin 13: This is the drive output terminal, connected to the gate of the switching transistor through a series resistor. Pin 14: This pin connects to the power supply voltage and the starting capacitor. During startup, the power supply voltage is generated by the control winding of the switching transformer, after rectification and filtering. Serial number function DC voltage (V) 1 ringing suppression time and standby frequency 2.8 2 Limit the analog current of the primary winding of the power supply 1.6 3 adjustment and zero-crossing input 2.4 4 Determine the soft start time and control speed 3 5 optocoupler input 3.7 6 error comparator 2 (V6>1.2V stop vibration) 0 7 RC oscillator or sync signal input 5.2 8 empty foot 0 9 reference voltage and current 5.2 10 error comparator 1 (V10>1V stop vibration) 0 11 primary voltage detection, V11>1V stop vibration 3.2 12 ground 0 13 drive output 2 14 supply voltage 12 The TDA16846 is widely used in TCL color TVs due to its advanced features. It includes an independent oscillating circuit with options for fixed, adjustable, or synchronized frequencies. It also offers multiple protection functions such as overcurrent and overvoltage protection, along with two voltage regulator inputs and two fault detection terminals. Starting Oscillation Principle When the power switch S801 is turned on, the AC voltage is rectified by D801-D804 and filtered by C809 (220u/400V) to produce around 300V DC. This voltage passes through the primary winding of the switching transformer T801, turning on Q801. The start resistor R807 steps down the voltage, which charges the capacitor C816 connected to pin 14 of IC801. After about 1.5 minutes, when the voltage reaches 16V, the internal circuit of IC801 starts, and the drive pulse is output from pin 13. This pulse controls the switching transistor, allowing the primary winding to generate a gradually increasing current. The induced voltage from the secondary winding is rectified and filtered, then fed back to pin 14 to maintain the power supply. At the same time, pin 2 is controlled to pull the voltage below 2.0V. Soft Start Circuit To prevent damage to the switching transistor during startup, the TDA16846 includes a soft start circuit composed of pin 4 and an external capacitor C817. When power is first applied, the capacitor is charged through pin 4, causing the voltage to rise slowly. This gradual increase controls the on-time of the switching transistor, allowing the secondary output voltage to rise smoothly and preventing overcurrent or breakdown. Troubleshooting Examples [Example 1] A user reported a burnt smell and slight "click" sound in a model 2111D TV. Upon inspection, C809 was found to be cracked and leaking. Replacing the capacitor resolved the issue. [Example 2] A model 2111D TV had no power, only a "å±" sound. The fuse F801 was blown, and the switch Q801 was shorted. After replacing the components and checking the load, the TV worked properly. [Example 3] Increasing the startup resistance caused BUZ91 to burn out. This happened because the increased resistance slowed the charging of C815, leading to longer conduction times and exceeding the rated current. [Example 4] In a model AT2590UBD, the 14-pin voltage was low. Replacing the leaking capacitor C818 restored normal operation. [Example 5] A model 2911D had no line excitation. Replacing the faulty reverse feedback capacitor C416 fixed the problem. [Example 6] A remote control failure in a model 2116E was due to a leaking capacitor C034 on the CPU board. Replacing it resolved the issue. [Example 7] A black band on the right side of the screen in a model 2169C was fixed by replacing the diodes D381 and IN4148. [Example 8] Grating size changes in a model AT2570UB were resolved by replacing the capacitor C408 and the pillow diode D403. [Example 9] An automatic standby fault in a model AT2965U was caused by a faulty diode D201. After re-soldering and applying hot melt adhesive, the issue was fixed. [Example 10] A model 2116E had intermittent power issues. Replacing D803 (RF104) solved the problem. [Example 11] A model 2975D had a three-no-light flash fault. Replacing D809 (RF104) resolved the issue. [Example 12] A rear projection TV (HID435, HID432B.R, HID438SB.R) had a three-no fault due to open resistors and a faulty LM393N IC. [Example 13] A model HID2990P had no grating at startup. Replacing one of the 220K resistors on the CRT board fixed the issue. [Example 14] A model AT2970I had no second startup. Replacing the CPU board resolved the issue. [Example 15] A model AT270I had image distortion. Replacing the DUY board fixed the problem. [Example 16] A model OM8838 had no grating. Replacing the open inductor L203 resolved the issue. [Example 17] A model OM8838 had no grating. Replacing the faulty resistors R280 and R281 fixed the issue. [Example 18] A model LA76832 had no color. Replacing the crystal 4.43319MHZ fixed the issue. [Example 19] A model AT2970I had non-functional buttons. Replacing the CPU board resolved the issue. [Example 20] A model TCL 2975D had compressed grating. Replacing the resistor R232 fixed the sawtooth waveform distortion. [Example 21] A model TCL 2975D had no character display. Replacing capacitors C416 and C417 resolved the issue. [Example 22] A model TCL 2975D had no characters but a vertical bar. Replacing the leaking capacitor C417 fixed the issue. [Example 23] A model TCL 2975D had a three-no fault. Removing I802 and using a 10K resistor helped identify a faulty IC802. Replacing it resolved the issue. [Example 24] A model 2136D had no startup. Replacing the damaged diode D203 fixed the issue. [Example 25] A model 2911D had a burned tube. Replacing the capacitor C416 fixed the issue. [Example 26] A model 2111D had a three-no fault. Replacing the capacitor C416 fixed the issue. [Example 27] A model HID2988I had a black screen. Replacing the KA2500 resolved the issue. [Example 28] A model HID435 had a three-no fault. Replacing the open resistor R8071 fixed the issue. [Example 29] A model AT25S135 had unsynchronized lines. Replacing the capacitor C235 fixed the issue. [Example 30] A model HID29189PB had pincushion distortion. Replacing the faulty 6888 IC fixed the issue. [Example 31] A model AT21S135 had compressed field. Replacing the resistor R235 fixed the issue. [Example 32] A model 2510G had a black screen. Replacing the resistor R234 fixed the issue. [Example 33] A model 2510G had a black screen. Replacing the M62438VCC block fixed the issue. [Example 34] A model AT2516UG had pincushion distortion. Replacing the open resistor R488 fixed the issue. [Example 35] A model AT29211 had no picture. Replacing the resistor R939 fixed the issue. [Example 36] A model AT2956B had repeated triode burning. Replacing the diode D805 fixed the issue. [Example 37] A model HID4321H had a light flash and no power. Replacing the field block fixed the issue.
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