Equalizer (Equalizer) is an electronic device that can separately adjust the amplification of electrical signals of various frequency components. It compensates for the defects of the speaker and sound field by adjusting the electrical signals of different frequencies, and compensates and modifies various sound sources. And other special effects, the equalizer on the general mixer can only adjust the three-stage frequency electrical signals of high frequency, medium frequency and low frequency respectively. In a communication system, the insertion of an equalizer in the lanyard system can reduce the effects of intersymbol interference. Equalizer A component that corrects the amplitude and frequency characteristics and phase frequency characteristics of a transmission channel. A sine wave with a frequency f is sent to the transmission channel, and the characteristic that the amplitude ratio of the output voltage to the input voltage varies with f is called the amplitude frequency characteristic, which is referred to as the amplitude frequency characteristic; the phase difference between the output voltage and the input voltage varies with f. It is called the phase frequency characteristic and is called the phase frequency characteristic. The signals transmitted by various transmission channels are generally composed of components of different frequencies. In the signal band, if the amplitude-frequency characteristic of 1 channel is a constant value; 2 the characteristic of phase φ varies with f is a straight line, which can be written as ¢(f)=2πft+θ, t is a constant; 3θ (called phase cut) is equal to nπ, n=0, ±2, ±4, . . . , the signal waveform is transmitted without distortion. Condition 1 causes different frequency components to have the same output input amplitude ratio after transmission, and conditions 2 and 3 have the same time delay. However, the actual channel often does not meet the above conditions, and thus the signal is distorted. If the distortion exceeds the allowable amount, the equalizer is used to correct the channel characteristics. The requirements for equilibrium are related to the nature of the signal. Since the human ear is not sensitive to the phase, only the amplitude-frequency characteristics of the channel are required when transmitting the analog telephone signal. When transmitting a TV signal, the amplitude and phase frequency characteristics of the channel are required, otherwise the image is distorted. When the digital signal baseband is transmitted, the amplitude and phase frequency characteristics are required, because the waveform distortion causes inter-symbol interference and increases the bit error rate. When the digital signal carrier is transmitted, the phase cut in the phase-frequency characteristic of the channel is not required. This is because the phase reference is not required when receiving the digital FM signal, and the phase reference can be solved by the carrier recovery circuit when receiving the digital phase-modulated signal. Thus, only carrier frequency characteristics and delay frequency characteristics are required for carrier transmission. Equalizer, which is an electronic component, the most common place is in our audio. The equalizer has a full name called room equalizer. It plays a vital role in regulating the sound system, so what is the role of the equalizer? How to adjust the equalizer to achieve the best results? What are the problems with the equalizer? Let's introduce it to you by Xiaobian. The role of the equalizer Adjustment signal The first function of the equalizer is to adjust the signals in each frequency band, because we all know that each signal has a different frequency band. When we use the radio to charge the band, the signal strength of each band is the same, then it may cause the received sound to be incomplete, so the role of the equalizer here is to simulate each band. The signal, but each signal has different band characteristics, and it is very complicated, so the analog form of the equalizer can only be digital analog. It is much easier to convert the digital signals of these bands into analog signals for processing at home. Therefore, most of the sounds processed by the equalizer have very obvious high and low sounds, which can be easily distinguished. High and low sound even There is also an equalizer in our computer, which mostly plays a gain effect. In the usual case, a hardware equalizer is generally used, because other equalizers are difficult to get apart from this equalizer. To the role of the capital increase band. But for some of the more powerful bands, Xiaobian here suggests that you should not use the equalizer, because this will only make the sound turbid and the opposite effect, if it is for some bands with low or medium bands, then Will bring a role that is half the effort. At the same time, the equalizer can also increase our enjoyment of music, because we all know that the sound is divided into many frequencies. If the sound frequency is too low, many people can't hear it, but it doesn't mean that we have this frequency. If you can't hear the equipment, you can't receive it. Some people with good hearing can hear it. The function of the equalizer here is to effectively adjust the brightness of these bass bands and the overall sense of space. Sound beautification And some of the frequencies in the sound can affect people's speech intelligibility and brightness, but if this part of the frequency is missing, then the tone will become extremely dull. After listening, it will feel boring, and if we add If you are on the equalizer, it will be different. It can make this part of the sound frequency beautify, it sounds extra pleasing. The above is a small series of introductions about the role of the equalizer, the equalizer as an important part of some electrical appliances, can play the role of regulating the sound, so its status is extremely important and indispensable, and a good equalizer It can also complement each other and make the beautiful sound sound more beautiful. How to adjust the equalizer to achieve the best results The subwoofer is 20Hz-40Hz, and the sound is strong and powerful when appropriate. Controls the sound of thunder, bass drums, organ and bass. Excessive promotion can make music confusing. The bass 40Hz-150Hz is the basic part of the sound, and its energy accounts for 70% of the total audio energy. It is an important component of the musical style. When appropriate, the bass is relaxed and the sound is full and soft. When it is not enough, the sound is thin, 150Hz. When it is excessively lifted, the sound will be boring, the brightness will decrease, and the nasal sound will be enhanced. The mid-bass 150Hz-500Hz is the structural part of the sound. The vocal is in this position. When it is not enough, the singing sound will be drowned by the music. The sound is soft and weak. When it is properly raised, it will feel strong and powerful, and improve the intensity and loudness of the sound. Excessive boosting will make the bass hard, and 3-6dB overshoot at 300Hz. If you add reverb, it will seriously affect the clarity of the sound. The midrange 500Hz-2KHz, which contains the low harmonics and overtones of most instruments, is the characteristic sound of snare drums and percussion instruments. The sound is clear and bright when appropriate, and the sound is awkward when not enough. A phone-like sound is produced when over-promoted. The middle and high treble 2KHz-5KHz is the characteristic sound of the string (the bow of the string and the chord of the string, the sound of the finger of the plucked string). When the sound is insufficient, the penetrating power of the sound is lowered. When it is too strong, the recognition of the language syllable is masked. The treble 7KHz-8KHz is the frequency that affects the sound layering. Excessive ascension will make the piccolo and flute sound prominent, the language's teeth will be aggravated and the tone will be hairy. Extremely high sound 8KHz-10KHz, when appropriate, the metallurgical permeability of the triangle and the vertical * is high, and the rhythm of the sand clock is clearly distinguishable. Excessive lifting will make the sound unnatural and easily burn high-frequency units. Balanced sound below 150Hz (bass) should be full, soft and elastic 150Hz-500Hz (mid-bass) should be thick and powerful, no turbidity 500Hz-5KHz (middle and high-pitched) should be bright and transparent, not harder than 5KHz (treble) It should be slender, smooth and not sharp. When the whole frequency response is flat: the sound is naturally full and flexible, and the level is clear and smooth. When the frequency response is multi-peak valley: the sound is rough and turbid, the treble is harsh and hairy, and the layered sound is easy to generate feedback whistling. The frequency of the sound characteristics 30 ~ 60Hz dull, if there is no considerable loudness, the human ear is difficult to feel. 60~100Hz Heavy and heavy 80Hz can produce a strong "heavy sense" effect, and the loudness will not give a comfortable feeling, which can give people a strong stimulation. 100~200Hz Fullness 200~500Hz The intensity is easy to cause the snoring of the snoring. 500~1KHz If the brightness is increased by 10dB near 800Hz, it will obviously produce a sense of noisy and narrow. 1K~2KHz Translucent 2K~4Kz Sharp 2200Hz near the brightest sense of the relationship, 3400Hz easy to cause hearing fatigue. 4K~8Kz Crisp 6800Hz forms a scream, sharp feeling, "7.5KHz sound is clear and slender. 8K~16Kz slender Equalizer considerations Think twice before taking the risk of using an equalizer to change the audio signal. Excessive use of corrections can have both advantages and disadvantages to the overall listening experience of the audience. The equalizer is not magical and incredible. It has many shortcomings and may have a deeper impact on sound. The under-correction equalizer was invented in the 1830s to correct the lack of sound; its main use was at Hollywood studios. Thanks to the support of an equalizer called a fidelity filter, it has achieved good results in long-range amplification, which helps to promote its application and lead to later abuse. Since several generations of sound engineers are ignorant or completely ignorant of the effects of the equalizer on the sound, it is not surprising that the equalizer is used in such a situation and the resulting sound results are unsatisfactory. The equalizer is used to mix the mixer input channels and wiring devices, for example on an output line to the speaker. Although the use of an equalizer in the microphone input channel allows us to recall the method of shaping the sound of the speaker or the sound of the instrument, the often overlooked question is whether the need for an equalizer may be a sign of error in the rest of the chain. Equalization may be used to compensate for problems in audio link or speaker audio characteristics, in microphone selection or studio acoustic effects. It may even appear in studios with perfect acoustics, the latest speakers and the best microphones. The use of an equalizer in the output channel to the speaker is a particularly interesting situation, as it is easy for people to misunderstand that all improper room acoustics and speaker reverberation problems can be solved. The parameters and diagrams use two equalizers: the parametric and graphical equalizer. The measurement calibration characteristic curve of the frequency doubling equalizer. The upper curve is the total response of three filters set at +6dB and center frequencies of 630, 1250 and 2500 Hz; The lower curve is the same multiplier filter set at +2dB. The parametric equalizer is capable of correcting the sound signal while independently controlling the filtering frequency, bandwidth and amplitude gain or attenuation. The frequency and peak amplitude or valley in each frequency range can be adjusted continuously or step by step using potentiometers and switches. The operator can adjust over a 20:1 frequency range while adjusting the sharpness or peak bandwidth, known as the quality factor (Q value), which is 0.29 to 5.0. Typically, the highest and lowest frequency ranges can be switched from peak to flat. The graphic equalizer typically corrects the shape of the sound signal at 8, 12 or more fixed frequency bands. Each frequency band has its active filter, and the center frequency of the filter is specified near the potentiometer used to adjust the correction amount (in dB). If the frequency band is divided into octaves, then the equalizer is multiplier, which uses a smaller number of bands (filters). The 1/3 octave equalizer has more frequency bands, for example, 31 filters (center frequency 20 Hz to 20 kHz), allowing for more accurate but more complex corrections than the octave equalizer. The amount of correction available is typically ±15 dB in one channel or ±15 dB in two channels. When the sliding calibrators are set, they form a certain graphical curve whose shape corresponds to the selected calibration curve. This is the source of the "graphic equalizer" name. When such an equalizer is used to correct for insufficient acoustic characteristics or speaker reverberation characteristics, the operator may set the calibrator subjectively "through the human ear" or objectively using an audio analyzer. The microphone of the analyzer acts on the sound wave at the measurement position, and the calibration pattern shape of the calibrator is set to be opposite to the measured shape, so that the generated characteristic curve is as linear as possible. But all of this only applies to one point in space. Since the operator's ear and the analyzer's microphone record the response characteristics of the speaker at one location, this can be problematic when the operator moves to another location. All settings of the equalizer at a certain location are not suitable for any position except where the microphone is placed. Furthermore, considering the complexity of the sound field in terms of acoustic standing waves and indoor resonance modes, and the ratio of direct and reflected sound waves in a more or less diffuse acoustic space, it is easy to understand that a slightly improved response is produced compared to a position. And the balance of the problematic results in all other nearby locations is not as good as the equilibrium. The human ear separated by the skull (average distance 19 cm) is very sensitive to the sound wave diffraction around the head, allowing us to feel the direction, intensity and time difference of the direct and reflected arrival sound waves. This is the "binaural" hearing. Unwanted effects In all cases except the use of the emulation head (the microphone is placed at the precise position of the left and right ears), due to the subjective nature of the auditory, the monophonic microphone even coincides with the stereo microphone that will feed the analyzer to the listener. Completely different objective data. The measurement correction characteristic curves of the 1/3 octave equalizers set at +2, +4, +6, +8, +10, and +12 dB, respectively. However, even with a simulation head and a measurement method with good subjective sensory correction, it is worth remembering that depending on the type of equalizer, any correction in one frequency range may be in a more or less wide range. Lead to undesired effects. This is illustrated in Figures 1 and 2. Obviously, the multiplier equalizer (Fig. 1) has much wider correction characteristics than the 1/3 octave equalizer. This is determined by the characteristics of the equalizer. However, even if the 1/3 octave equalizer has a fairly narrow characteristic when the calibrator is set to the highest position (+12 or +10 dB), they will have wider characteristics at +4 dB. As for the "narrowband" 1/6 multiplier and 1/10 multiplier equalizers, the greater the potential of the equalizer, the greater the number of ways to achieve unusual, exaggerated, and artificial sound effects. Therefore, it is very important to balance with a calm mind, as rational as possible and logically. 72V Battery Pack ,Lithium Ion Battery Pack,Lithium Battery Pack,Battery Power Pack Zhejiang Casnovo Materials Co., Ltd. , https://www.casnovo-new-energy.com
