August 07, 2025

Economic Daily: 5G Commercial Acceleration Arrives China's 5G Technology R&D Pilots are Entering the Final Stage

5G, the fifth generation of mobile communication technology, offers significantly higher speeds, broader bandwidths, and lower latency compared to 4G. These advancements are essential for supporting future applications such as virtual reality, smart manufacturing, and autonomous driving. While 5G is still in the planning stage and has not yet reached full commercialization, recent developments have accelerated its progress. Europe's first pre-commercial 5G network, jointly launched by China and Italy, marks a significant milestone in this journey. ZTE’s Vice President of Communications, Yan Min, recently stated that the pace of 5G development has exceeded expectations. The first pre-commercial 5G network in Europe was officially launched, with ZTE collaborating with two major Italian operators on this project. This initiative signals a growing momentum in 5G commercialization across the continent. The European Union's 5G action plan is structured into three phases: pre-commercial testing by 2018, commercial deployment in at least one major city per EU country by 2020, and full commercial deployment by 2025. Italy has been the first EU country to respond actively, selecting five cities for commercial 5G trials and aiming to start comprehensive testing by the end of the year. ZTE's efforts in promoting 5G in Europe are expected to accelerate the industry's maturity globally. In addition to its collaboration with Italian operators, ZTE has also formed a strategic partnership with Orange, a leading French telecom operator. They will conduct joint research on 5G and its application solutions, launching multi-site 5G independent group tests in Europe during the second half of 2018. Furthermore, ZTE recently completed the first phase of 5G bearer testing with Spain’s Telefonica Group and signed a cooperation agreement with India’s largest state-owned telecom operator, BSNL. In China, the 5G rollout is progressing rapidly. At a recent industry conference, Wen Kui, Director of the Information and Communications Development Division under the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, announced that the second phase of network testing would be partially implemented by the end of this year. With the first version of the 5G international standard expected in June 2019, Chinese companies aim to launch products close to commercial use, laying the groundwork for widespread adoption. ZTE has already taken key steps in China, such as opening the first 5G pre-commercial base station in Guangzhou in early June and setting up new 5G test sites in Shenzhen with China Unicom in late June. The company is also leading the second phase of China’s 5G R&D tests. China’s 5G research and development is divided into three stages: key technology testing, technical program testing, and system testing. According to Wen Kui, the first phase, completed in September 2016, confirmed the feasibility of key 5G technologies. By September 2017, the second phase showed that vendors’ 5G integration solutions met critical scenarios defined by the International Telecommunication Union, including peak data rates, latency, user density, and traffic volume. To support cross-vendor testing and network development, 30 test sites were planned in Huairou, Beijing, with participation from Huawei, ZTE, Datang, Ericsson, and Nokia Bell. So far, 15 sites have been completed, significantly advancing 5G R&D and fostering industry collaboration. Zuo Yurui, an engineer at the China Institute of Information and Communications, emphasized that China’s telecommunications sector has driven innovation through 5G development, breaking through core technologies and accelerating technical trials. The third phase of testing is set to begin in late 2017 and early 2018, focusing on pre-commercial equipment performance and interconnection tests aligned with global standards. It is expected to be completed before the end of 2018.

Battery Connection Cable

A battery connection cable are the type of wire used to connect a battery to an electronic device. The are usually made of conductive material, such as copper or aluminum, and has a pair of connectors that connect one end to the positive end of the battery and the other end to the negative end of the battery.

The main function of the battery connection cable are to transmit current and electrical energy. They direct the current from the positive end of the battery through the positive connector, and then transmits it to the electronic device through the cable. At the same time, the negative connector directs the current from the electronic device back to the negative end of the battery, forming a circuit closure.

Battery connection cables are usually of a certain length and flexibility in order to provide a flexible connection between the electronic device and the battery. It may also have a protective housing to protect the cable from damage or wear.

When choosing a battery connection cable, you need to consider factors such as current transmission requirements, battery and device connector types, and cable length and material. Proper selection and use of battery connection cables can ensure a reliable connection and power transfer between the battery and the device.

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