May 10, 2024

Smoking warning device

Photocoupler
The smoking warning device introduced in this example can be used in public places such as living rooms or theaters, passenger stations, conference rooms, etc. When someone smokes and the reminder detects the smoke, it will sound a "no smoking again!" voice warning.
Circuit Operation The smoking alarm circuit consists of a power circuit, a smoke detection circuit, and a voice circuit, as shown in Figure 9-153.

The power circuit is composed of a power transformer T, a rectifier diode VDl-VD4, a filter capacitor C1, and a three-terminal integrated voltage regulator IC1.
The smoke detection circuit is composed of a gas sensor, a transistor Vl and related peripheral components.
The voice circuit is composed of a voice integrated circuit ICl (internal memory "Do not smoke again!" voice prompt sound), an audio amplifier tube V2 and a speaker BL.
AC 220V voltage after T step-down, VDl-VD4 rectification, Cl filter and ICl voltage regulation, generate DC 5V voltage, supply gas sensor, IC2 and Vl, V2 and so on.
When the gas sensor detects smoke at the end, the resistance of the two ends of A and B is large, the voltage of point B is low, Vl is in the off state, and the speaker does not sound.
When the gas sensor detects smoke, the resistance of the two ends of A and B becomes smaller, so that the voltage at point B rises, Vl turns on, and the emitter output triggers a high level, so that lC2 works, and the speaker BL emits Loud. Don't smoke anymore!" The voice of the police.
When the smoke is exhausted, the high-resistance value is restored between the gas sensors A and B, so that Vl is turned off because the base voltage is lower than 1. 4V, and the alarm sound stops.
Component selection
Rl-R3 uses 1/4W carbon film resistors.
Small membrane potentiometers or trimmer resistors are available for RPl and RP2.
Both Cl and C2 are aluminum electrolytic capacitors with a withstand voltage of 16V.
VDl-VD5 selects 1N4007 type rectifier diode for use.
V1 selects U850 type Darlington transistor; V2 selects S805O or C805O type NPN transistor.
ICl selects LM7805 type three-terminal integrated voltage regulator; IC2 selects LH-169A type voice integrated circuit.
BL can be used with 8Ω, O.25-0.5W electric speakers.
T selects 220/9V, 5W power transformer.
Installation and commissioning After welding the components, first adjust the potentiometer R to the maximum position, and then adjust the resistance of RP2 after power-on, so that the heating current of the gas sensor is about 13OmA.
After the circuit is preheated for 10 minutes, the smoke developed by the ignited cigarette is tested. If the voice circuit is triggered to emit a voice warning sound, the sensitivity of the circuit is high. If the voice circuit is not triggered in time, the potential is adjusted. RP1 to increase sensitivity.
The modified smoking reminder should be installed on the ceiling of the room to facilitate gas sensing.

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