1 commercial emergency lighting source and lighting 1.1 light source According to the national requirements for energy conservation and environmental protection, commercial emergency lighting sources should use T5 fluorescent lamps (with electronic ballasts) for large shopping malls, and energy-saving lamps for walkways and stairwells. 1.2 lamps a. Commercial emergency lighting should be selected to obtain the "National Fire Product Inspection Report" and the China Electrical Product Certification Committee "Electrical Product Certification" certified products. The emergency light protection cover shall be made of glass or other non-combustible materials; the continuous Power Supply time of the self-contained battery emergency light shall meet the 20min specified in the "Fire Protection Code for High-rise Civil Buildings" (GB50045-95, hereinafter referred to as "High Regulations"). 30min (greater than 100m) and the 30min requirements of the "Code for Fire Protection of Building Design" (GB50016-2006, hereinafter referred to as "the Construction Regulations"). b. According to the national standard "Fire Emergency Lighting" (GB17945), the fire emergency lighting classification is shown in the following table. c. The graphics, colors, characters and dimensions of the evacuation signs in commercial buildings shall be in accordance with the requirements of the General Technical Conditions for Fire Emergency Lighting Fixtures (GA-54-93) and the National Standard Fire Safety Signs (GB13495-92) of the Ministry of Public Security. Production. The effect and clarity of the evacuation sign light shall be greater than 15 cd/m 2 and less than 300 cd/m 2 according to the recommended CIE text, and the minimum and maximum brightness ratio of the mark surface is preferably 1:10 (lowest: highest). The background of the logo surface should be green, and the graphics and text should be white. Green graphics, text, and white background are available, for example, for interior decoration or for coordination with other signs. 2 commercial emergency lighting power supply requirements 2.1 power supply Emergency lighting belongs to fire protection load, especially in commercial buildings. Emergency lighting should pay special attention to the design. The "High Regulations" stipulate that one type of building should be powered according to the primary load requirement; the second type of building should be powered by the secondary load. The author believes that commercial first- and second-class buildings should be powered according to the primary load requirements; commercial emergency lighting should also be used as part of normal lighting when designing; in order to ensure the supply of emergency lighting, in addition to the normal lighting power supply, it should be For power supply independent of the normal lighting power supply, the following modes of power supply can be used: a. A feeder line that is effective from the power grid and independent of the normal power source. That is, the designed building adopts two 10kV incoming lines, and is connected to two regional substations, or two independent high voltage line power supply networks; at least two substations in the designed building should have two For transformers of the above and above, the distribution circuit supplying emergency lighting is led out by the low voltage busbar sections of different transformers. This method is usually applied to very large commercial buildings, which are characterized by independent feeder lines, large capacity, fast conversion, and long working hours, but in the case of major disasters, it is possible to suffer at the same time. b. All the way to the city, the diesel generator set is self-provided. This method is usually applied to large and medium-sized commercial buildings. It is characterized by large capacity of emergency generator sets and long working hours, but the conversion is slow and requires frequent maintenance. Generally, it is considered comprehensively according to the needs of the supportive power load, fire protection and emergency lighting. c. All the way to the city, set up the battery pack, including the centralized or centralized set, or the battery pack that comes with the lamp. This method is generally suitable for small and medium-sized commercial buildings. It is characterized by high reliability, flexibility and convenience. Currently, there are emergency lamps with built-in battery packs and centralized battery power (EPS) type. d. The first two of the above three methods have their shortcomings for commercial buildings. Sudden power outages in densely populated areas can lead to serious consequences. Therefore, the author advocates a combination of three power sources, as shown in 1. Note: When the fire occurs, the contactor KM is put into operation and the control line is turned on. This combination method makes up for the shortcomings of the first two methods; in contrast to the a mode, the battery can be kept in a normal state due to sudden power failure, and the personnel can be evacuated before the self-provided power supply diesel generator set is not put into the battery. It can be put into use in a short time, so that the emergency light can work normally, and avoid accidents caused by sudden power failure. 2.2 Power distribution method a. Emergency lighting power supply can use centralized emergency power supply, or can use centralized battery power supply or lighting fixtures to bring battery packs; centralized emergency power supply can use AC power supply, or DC power supply, but the premise of DC power supply is gas discharge emergency The lamp must be electronically ballasted. b. When the building's fire-fighting power load level is one level, when the AC power supply is used, it is advisable to provide dual power supply by the fire main power supply, with trunk or radial power supply, and the end dual power supply automatically switches the emergency lighting distribution according to the fire zone. A box that provides backup lighting and evacuated lighting power within the zone. c. For emergency lighting of high-rise buildings, special circuits shall be provided by emergency power supply. Trunk-type power supply shall be provided. Each floor or up to 4 floors shall be provided with an emergency lighting distribution box to provide standby lighting and evacuation lighting power. d. Standby lighting and evacuation lighting should be separately powered by separate circuits. When there is a fire control room in the building, the evacuation lighting should be controlled in the fire control room. e. When the natural lighting or artificial lighting in the environment where the evacuation indicator and the exit sign are located can meet the requirements of the light storage device, the light storage device can be used as an auxiliary evacuation sign. 3 commercial emergency lighting settings 3.1 Types of commercial emergency lighting Commercial emergency lighting includes: a. Standby lighting: After the normal lighting is extinguished due to the fault, it is necessary to ensure the normal operation or the activity to continue. The standby lighting should be set up; the commercial lighting can be classified into the standby lighting, and the normal lighting will ensure the commercial operation safety lighting after the fault is extinguished. Can be used normally to avoid loss of property in the mall. b. Evacuation lighting: After the normal lighting is extinguished due to the fault, evacuation lighting should be set up to ensure the safe exit and exit of the personnel. 3.2 commercial emergency lighting illumination According to the requirements of "Architectural Lighting Design Standards" (GB50034-2004), the standard value of emergency lighting illumination should meet the following requirements: 1 The illumination value of the standby lighting is not less than 10% of the general illumination illuminance value of the site unless otherwise specified; The illuminance value of the evacuation illumination of the evacuation channel is not less than 0.5lx. The author believes that the commercial building personnel are intensive, and the illumination value of the above lighting should be increased in consideration of safety in design; the standby lighting should be no less than 15% to 20% of the general illumination illuminance value of the place; the illuminance value of the evacuation lighting of the evacuation channel is not Less than 5lx; commercial operation safety lighting is not mentioned in the "Architectural Lighting Design Standards", the author believes that this part of the illuminance value should not be lower than 30% of the general illumination illuminance value of the place. 3.3 Commercial emergency lighting conversion time Emergency lighting After the normal power supply is terminated, the emergency power supply conversion time should meet: evacuation lighting, standby lighting ≤15s (financial commercial trading place ≤1.5s); commercial operation safety lighting ≤1.5s. Evacuation lighting should normally be on, but only when it is managed by a duty or security guard at night. When a battery is used as the backup power source for the lighting fixture, in the above-mentioned exceptional non-lighting state, it should be ensured that the charging power of the battery cannot be interrupted, so that the battery is in a state of constant charging. 3.4 Commercial evacuation lighting design 3.4.1 Function of evacuation lighting a. Clearly and clearly indicate the location of the evacuation route and the exit or emergency exit; b. Provide necessary lighting for the evacuation passage to ensure that personnel can safely travel to the exit or emergency exit; c. It is easy to see the fire alarm along the evacuation passage Calling equipment and fire fighting facilities. 3.4.2 Locations requiring evacuation lighting According to the particularity of commercial buildings, evacuation lighting shall be provided in the following places: a. Evacuation walkways and safety exits of commercial buildings shall be provided with evacuation indication signs; b. “Building Regulations†stipulates that the construction area is greater than 400m 2 business halls (except open and semi-open vegetable market), "High Regulations" stipulates that commercial business halls, restaurants and other crowded places are required to be set; c. commercial building underground parking garage; d. evacuation in commercial buildings The inner walkway with a length of more than 20m in the walkway (refer to the length of the walkway within 20m specified by the High Regulations) shall be provided with an evacuation indicator when the nearest safety exit is greater than 20m or not within the line of sight of the person. e. Large-scale shopping malls should be equipped with decorative design, and set up evacuation signs according to the flow of people and the counters in the mall. 3.4.3 Arrangement of commercial evacuation lighting 3.4.3.1 Arrangement of exit sign lights The exit sign light should be installed directly above the evacuation door, the building exits to the outdoor exit and the emergency exit; the evacuation stair on the first floor should be installed above the inside of the stairway, depending on the height of the door. The exit sign lights shall be provided with graphic and text symbols. When there is a barrier-free design requirement, an audible indication signal shall be provided at the same time. The exit sign lights are generally mounted on the wall, such as the sign surface is parallel (or coincident) with the wall surface of the exit door; when the building decoration is needed, the wall should be concealed. 3.4.3.2 Arrangement of commercial evacuation indicator lights Evacuation indicator signs for evacuation walkways (or evacuation passages) should be placed on the wall, column or ground below 1.0m from the ground in the walkway and corner, and the spacing should not exceed 20m. When the room area is too large, it must be When installed on a ceiling, it should be installed. When installed below 1m, the lamp housing should have measures to prevent mechanical damage and prevent electric shock; the indicator light should not affect normal traffic. Large shopping malls should be equipped with evacuation signs under the ground or ceiling. 3.4.3.3 Arrangement of commercial evacuation lights a. Evacuation lights for commercial evacuation passages are usually installed under the ceiling and can be installed on the wall when needed; the store emergency lights should consider their uniformity and leave no dead ends. b. It should be combined with the normal illumination of the channel, usually part or all of the normal illumination, as evacuation lighting. c. The height of the ground installation of the commercial lighting depends on the installation height of the normal lighting fixtures in the mall, but it should not be too high. d. The illuminance of the commercial evacuation lighting on the channel should have a certain degree of uniformity. For this reason, the smaller power bulb (tube) and the longitudinal wide light distribution luminaire should be selected to reduce the spacing of the lamps appropriately. e. Evacuation lights for commercial evacuation stairs should be installed under the ceiling and maintain minimum illumination of all parts of the stairs. f. Commercial evacuation lights should be installed in such a way that all manual alarms, call communication devices and fire-fighting equipment on the evacuation route are easy to find. 3.5 commercial standby lighting design 3.5.1 Commercial standby lighting installation place a. Fire control room, self-contained power supply room, power distribution room, fire pump room, smoke control machine room, telephone main machine room of commercial building, and other rooms that still need to work in the fire. b. Illumination extinguishes large and medium-sized underground shopping malls, singing and dancing entertainment screening venues, and exhibition halls and business halls with a floor area of ​​more than 400m 2 each. c. Evacuation stairs (including the front room of the smoke-proof stairwell), the fire elevator and its front room, and the front room. d. Commercial large and medium-sized computer rooms, BAS (construction equipment automation system) central control station, security control center and other important technical buildings. e. The inner walkway of the evacuated walkway in the public building with a length of more than 20m. f. Other important business premises that need to continue to operate and temporarily operate. g. The setting of commercial lighting for business operations. The commercial safety lighting mentioned by the author is mainly in the business operations involving the safety of the property in the shopping mall, such as the collection office, individual valuable counters, etc.; this part of the lighting can be extinguished, which may result in a large amount of cash and valuables being stolen. , leading to major economic losses; this part of the lighting can be used as part of normal lighting, usually powered by emergency power. 3.5.2 Installation requirements a. Use part of normal lighting or all as spare lighting to minimize the number of additional fixtures. b. For particularly important business locations, the standby lighting requires higher illumination or illumination close to normal lighting. All normal lighting fixtures should be used for standby lighting. When the normal power failure occurs, it can be automatically switched to emergency power supply. c. For some important parts, a certain business area needs spare lighting, often does not require uniform illumination of the whole room, only to illuminate these parts that need spare lighting, it is better to separate some of the lamps from the normal lighting, from the emergency power supply powered by. 4 commercial emergency lighting control methods With the diversified development of the economy, commercial building design has also put forward some new requirements. For example, the original operation has become a number of operations, and the original operation has become a mixed operation of multiple types. It has only 1 to 3 layers. For business, now ten or fewer layers or even ten or more are used as commercial. Recently, the author designed a commercial building project located in the bustling area of ​​Chengdu. The ground floor to the thirteenth floor (nearly 110,000 m 2) is used as a business building. The following describes the emergency lighting control method in several cases. 4.1 Control of emergency lighting for evacuation stairwells and commercial buildings (see 1) This type of control can usually use the on-site dual control switch to control the emergency light; in the event of a fire, the fire control center sends a control signal to make the contactor of the emergency power supply box output loop control line put into operation, so that the on-site dual control switch is in operation. In which state, the emergency light will be forcibly connected. In this type of control, it is required that the fire zone to the bottom outlet form a linkage control from top to bottom or from bottom to top to ensure that emergency lighting guides the safe evacuation of people in the fire area. 4.2 Emergency lighting control for unified operation of large and medium-sized shopping malls This type of control can usually use the I-bus control system to control the emergency lights. In the event of a fire, the fire control center sends a control signal and forcibly transfers it to the fire operation status through the control module in the emergency power supply box, thus ensuring that the emergency light in the store is put into operation (in this case, the I-bus control system automatically exits). See 2. 4.3 Emergency lighting control for diversified operation of large and medium-sized shopping malls This type of control is mainly based on the independent accounting of each store. For example, if the emergency lighting is also metered, the input cost is too high and unnecessary. However, for high-rise commercial buildings, emergency lighting must be provided. Therefore, the shops are usually in emergency. Illumination is not part of normal lighting; the I-bus control system can be used, and the emergency light can be controlled by the lighting contactor; in the event of a fire, the fire control center sends a control signal and forcibly turns through the control module in the emergency power box. Into the fire operation or put into the lighting contactor, so as to ensure that the emergency lights in the shop are put into operation, see. The above three control methods are all related to fire control, and should be closely coordinated during design. 5 Application of centralized emergency power supply in commercial buildings For commercial buildings, centralized emergency power supply EPS is widely used. EPS is divided into DC system emergency lighting power supply EPS-DC and AC standard emergency lighting power supply EPS-AC.EPS-DC: AC grid power supply bypass output in normal state. In the emergency state, the output is DC. EPS-AC: AC power supply bypass output in normal state, AC sine wave output in emergency state. The lamp powered by EPS does not have a battery pack.
Brand Name: OEM
Product Name: Multi USB Charger
Use: Mobile Phone
Place of Origin: Guangdong, China (Mainland)
Port: 6 port
Input: AC100-240V 50/60HZ
Size: 90*70*16mm
Weight: 250g
Materials: PC+ABS
Color: Black/White
Warranty: 1 year
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