July 14, 2025

Analyze the IaaS public cloud market structure and threats

In 2017, Gartner's research highlighted that Amazon Web Services (AWS) and Microsoft Azure were the dominant players in the public cloud market, with AWS holding a significant 47.1% share and Azure following closely at 10%. Google Cloud and IBM SoftLayer accounted for 3.95% and 2.77%, respectively. AWS has consistently been a leader, with its market share increasing from 44.2% in 2016 to 47.1% in 2017. During the first quarter of 2017, AWS reported revenue of $3.66 billion, showing a sharp 42% increase compared to the previous year. Gartner noted that AWS is not only the most frequently chosen service provider but also one that many enterprises strategically adopt across their operations. Despite its dominance, AWS faces criticism for its complex pricing structure and usage thresholds. Microsoft Azure, while second in the market, saw its share grow from 7.1% in 2016 to 10% in 2017. In the fourth quarter of 2017, Azure’s revenue surged by over 97% compared to the same period in 2016, indicating rapid growth. Gartner acknowledged that Azure offers a wide range of services for various workloads but pointed out that it still needs to improve in areas like user experience, support, documentation, and training. Google Cloud, though far behind AWS and Azure, was considered a strong contender for specific use cases. Meanwhile, IBM SoftLayer, despite being acquired in 2013, has not seen significant improvements in infrastructure, leading Gartner to describe the IBM cloud experience as inconsistent. Alibaba Cloud, another emerging player, was recognized as a major force in China but had limited presence outside the region. Gartner predicted that the IaaS market would grow by 38.6% in 2017, reaching $34.6 billion. By 2021, the market is expected to reach $71.55 billion, growing at a compound annual rate of 29.7%. This could eventually surpass SaaS, which is projected to grow to $75.73 billion by 2021. PaaS, although smaller, is expected to grow at a robust 23.5% CAGR, reaching $8.85 billion by 2017. A key trend is the shift of application workloads from on-premise data centers to public clouds. According to the Cloud Security Alliance (CSA), in 2016, 60.9% of applications resided in enterprise data centers, but by 2017, this dropped to 46.2%. This shift is driven by new deployments in the cloud and planned migrations of existing applications. In terms of adoption, AWS remains the top choice, accounting for 41.5% of public cloud workloads, followed by Azure at 29.4%. Google Cloud held 3%, while IBM SoftLayer and other providers made up the remaining 20.7%, suggesting the market is still evolving. Large enterprises tend to run more customized applications, with companies having over 50,000 employees deploying an average of 788 applications, compared to just 22 for small businesses. Security concerns remain a major barrier to cloud adoption, but confidence in public cloud providers is rising. Over 62.9% of IT professionals believe public clouds are as secure as their own data centers. Cloud providers have invested heavily in security, and third-party solutions like CASB help bridge any gaps. Finally, the biggest threat to applications running on public clouds is the risk of sensitive data being uploaded. Regulatory compliance and data retention requirements can prevent certain data from being stored in the cloud. Data breaches due to human error also pose risks, making it essential for organizations to follow best practices and address cloud-related concerns.

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